ground state 名词 C or U
- ground state
- estado m de reposo
I. ground1 [美 ɡraʊnd, 英 ɡraʊnd] 名词
1. ground U (land, terrain):
- ground
- terreno m
- marshy ground
- terreno pantanoso
- high ground
- terreno elevado
- a patch of ground
- un área de terreno
- to be on dangerous or slippery ground
- pisar terreno peligroso
- to be on one's own ground
- estar en lo suyo
- to be on safe or firm or solid ground
- pisar terreno firme
- once he began talking about architecture, he was obviously on firmer ground
- se notó que estaba más seguro de lo que decía cuando empezó a hablar de arquitectura
- to be sure of one's ground
- saber qué terreno se pisa
- to change or shift one's ground
- cambiar de postura
- to fall on stony ground
- caer en saco roto
- to gain/lose ground
- ganar/perder terreno
- the Republicans have managed to regain ground lost in previous elections
- los republicanos han logrado recuperar el terreno perdido en elecciones anteriores
- the treatment is gaining ground in the medical world
- el tratamiento está ganando adeptos entre los médicos
- to give ground (in argument)
- ceder terreno
- to give ground (in battle)
- replegarse
- to give ground (in battle)
- ceder terreno
- to make ground 体育
- acortar distancias
- to stand/hold one's ground (in argument)
- mantenerse firme
- to stand/hold one's ground (in argument)
- no ceder terreno
- to stand/hold one's ground (in battle)
- no ceder terreno
2. ground <grounds, pl
>:
- ground (premises)
- terreno m
- ground (gardens)
- jardines mpl
- ground (gardens)
- parque m
3. ground U:
- ground (surface of the earth)
- suelo m
- ground (soil)
- tierra f
- we sat on the ground
- nos sentamos en el suelo
- the ground was too hard to dig
- la tierra estaba demasiado dura para cavar
- the eagle was soaring high above the ground
- el águila volaba a gran altura
- the rail link runs below ground
- el enlace ferroviario es subterráneo
- as soon as we got above ground
- en cuanto salimos a la superficie
- the ball ran along the ground
- la pelota rodó por el suelo
- to fall/drop to the ground
- caer al suelo
- to crash to the ground
- estrellarse contra el suelo
- the house burned to the ground
- la casa quedó reducida a cenizas
- the village was razed to the ground
- el pueblo fue arrasado totalmente
- the pilot was waiting for intructions from the ground
- el piloto estaba a la espera de instrucciones de tierra
- I wished the ground would open up and swallow me
- hubiera querido que la tierra me tragara
- I wished the ground would open up and swallow me
- pensé 'tierra, trágame'
- from the ground up
- radicalmente
- on the ground 英
- sobre el terreno
- thick/thin on the ground 英 俗 celebrities were thick on the ground at the première
- había muchos famosos en el estreno
- orders have been very thin on the ground recently
- últimamente han escaseado mucho los pedidos or ha habido muy pocos pedidos
- to break new or fresh ground
- abrir nuevos caminos
- to cut the ground from under sb/sb's feet his evidence cut the ground from under the prosecuting lawyer's feet
- sus declaraciones echaron por tierra el argumento del fiscal
- his sudden change of mind cut the ground from under me
- su inesperado cambio de opinión echó por tierra todos mis planes
- to get off the ground plan/project:
- llegar a concretarse
- it was a long time before the talks got off the ground
- pasó mucho tiempo antes de que las conversaciones empezaran a encaminarse
- to go to ground 英 fugitive:
- esconderse
- to go to ground fox:
- meterse en la madriguera
- to prepare the ground for sth
- preparar el terreno para algo
- to run sb/sth to ground
- dar con algo/alguien
- to run or work oneself into the ground you're working yourself into the ground
- te estás dejando el pellejo en el trabajo 俗
- to suit sb down to the ground 俗 she said she wasn't going, which suited me down to the ground
- dijo que no iba, lo cual me vino de perillas or de perlas 俗
- that hat suits you down to the ground
- ese sombrero te queda que ni pintado 俗
- to worship the ground sb walks on
- besar la tierra que pisa alguien
- to worship the ground sb walks on attr conditions
- del terreno
- to worship the ground sb walks on personnel/support
- de tierra
- to worship the ground sb walks on attack
- por tierra
- their ground game is suspect
- sus pases bajos son bastante flojos
4. ground U (matter, subject):
- it is impossible to cover all the ground in two lectures
- es imposible desarrollar todos los aspectos del tema en dos conferencias
- we covered a lot of ground in our discussions
- tratamos muchos puntos en nuestras conversaciones
- we're going over the same ground again
- estamos volviendo sobre lo mismo
5. ground C (outdoor site):
- football ground 英
- campo m de fútbol
- football ground 英
- cancha f de fútbol LatAm
- United has not been beaten on its own ground this season
- United no ha perdido en casa esta temporada
- camping ground
- zona f de acampada
- testing or proving ground
- campo m de pruebas
- testing or proving ground
- terreno m de pruebas
6. ground U 美 电气:
- ground
- tierra f
- a connection to ground
- una conexión a tierra
- a connection to ground attr terminal/wire
- de tierra
7. ground C (background):
- ground
- fondo m
- on a yellow ground
- sobre fondo amarillo
8. ground (justification):
- ground usu pl
- motivo m
- grounds for concern
- motivos de preocupación
- grounds for divorce
- causal m de divorcio
- on legal/financial grounds
- por motivos legales/económicos
- on legal/financial grounds
- por razones legales/económicas
- on grounds of ill health
- por motivos de salud
- there are grounds for thinking or believing he's dead
- existen razones para pensar or creer que ha muerto
- they refused to do it, on the grounds that …
- se negaron a hacerlo, alegando or aduciendo que …
9. ground <grounds, pl
> (dregs):
- coffee grounds
- posos mpl de café
II. ground1 [美 ɡraʊnd, 英 ɡraʊnd] 动词 trans
1.1. ground usu pass (base):
- ground argument/theory
- fundar
- ground argument/theory
- cimentar
- the events showed our fears to be well grounded
- los acontecimientos revelaron que nuestros temores eran fundados or justificados
1.2. ground usu pass (instruct):
- to ground sb in sth
- dar a alguien buenos conocimientos or una buena base de algo
- he is well grounded in German
- tiene una sólida base en alemán
2.1. ground plane:
- ground
- retirar del servicio
- all flights are grounded on account of fog
- debido a la niebla no despegará ningún vuelo
- the captain will be grounded until after the investigation
- el capitán permanecerá apartado de su cargo hasta una vez finalizada la investigación
2.2. ground child/teenager esp 美
俗:
- I can't go out tonight; I'm grounded
- no puedo salir esta noche, estoy castigado or no me dejan
3. ground 航海:
- ground ship
- hacer encallar
4. ground 体育:
- ground (in US football, rugby) ball
- poner en tierra
- ground (in baseball) ball
- hacer rodar
- he grounded the ball to short (stop)
- bateó un roletazo al short stop
- he grounded the ball to short (stop)
- bateó un rolling al short stop Ven
5. ground 美 电气:
- ground
- conectar a tierra
III. ground1 [美 ɡraʊnd, 英 ɡraʊnd] 动词 不及物动词 航海
- ground
- encallar
- ground
- varar
I. ground2 [美 ɡraʊnd, 英 ɡraʊnd] pt & pt part
grind
II. ground2 [美 ɡraʊnd, 英 ɡraʊnd] 形
ground coffee/pepper:
- ground
- molido
- ground rice 英
- sémola f de arroz
I. grind <pt & past part ground> [美 ɡraɪnd, 英 ɡrʌɪnd] 动词 trans
1. grind:
- grind pepper/wheat
- moler
- grind (in mortar)
- moler
- grind (in mortar)
- machacar
- grind (in mortar)
- triturar
- grind meat 美
- moler
- grind meat 美
- picar 西班牙 RíoPl
- grind crystals/ore
- pulverizar
2. grind:
- grind lens/mirror
- pulir
- grind knife/blade
- afilar
3. grind:
- to grind sth into sth he ground the cigarette end into the carpet
- incrustó or aplastó la colilla en la alfombra
- to grind the faces of the poor into the dust liter
- oprimir a los pobres
4. grind DENT:
- to grind one's teeth
- bruxar
II. grind <pt & past part ground> [美 ɡraɪnd, 英 ɡrʌɪnd] 动词 不及物动词
1. grind (move with friction):
- grind
- rechinar
- grind
- chirriar
- the wheels of bureaucracy grind very slowly
- las cosas de palacio van despacio
- the talks ground on for weeks
- las conversaciones continuaron a trancas y barrancas durante varias semanas
- to grind to a halt or standstill, the truck ground to a halt
- el camión se detuvo con gran chirrido de frenos
- the negotiations have ground to a halt
- las negociaciones se han estancado
- the negotiations have ground to a halt
- las negociaciones han llegado a un punto muerto
2. grind (study hard):
- grind 俗
- estudiar mucho
- grind 俗
- darle duro al estudio esp LatAm
- grind 俗
- empollar 西班牙 俗
- grind 俗
- tragar RíoPl 俗
- grind 俗
- matearse Chil 俗
III. grind [美 ɡraɪnd, 英 ɡrʌɪnd] 名词
1. grind (drudgery) 俗:
- grind 无复数
- trabajo m pesado
- grind 无复数
- rollo m 俗
- grind 无复数
- paliza f 俗
- back to the daily grind!
- ¡de vuelta al yugo!
2. grind 美 俗 (over-conscientious worker):
- she's the office grind
- es la niña aplicada de la oficina 讽
3. grind Irish (private classes):
- grind
- clases fpl particulares
I. grind <pt & past part ground> [美 ɡraɪnd, 英 ɡrʌɪnd] 动词 trans
1. grind:
- grind pepper/wheat
- moler
- grind (in mortar)
- moler
- grind (in mortar)
- machacar
- grind (in mortar)
- triturar
- grind meat 美
- moler
- grind meat 美
- picar 西班牙 RíoPl
- grind crystals/ore
- pulverizar
2. grind:
- grind lens/mirror
- pulir
- grind knife/blade
- afilar
3. grind:
- to grind sth into sth he ground the cigarette end into the carpet
- incrustó or aplastó la colilla en la alfombra
- to grind the faces of the poor into the dust liter
- oprimir a los pobres
4. grind DENT:
- to grind one's teeth
- bruxar
II. grind <pt & past part ground> [美 ɡraɪnd, 英 ɡrʌɪnd] 动词 不及物动词
1. grind (move with friction):
- grind
- rechinar
- grind
- chirriar
- the wheels of bureaucracy grind very slowly
- las cosas de palacio van despacio
- the talks ground on for weeks
- las conversaciones continuaron a trancas y barrancas durante varias semanas
- to grind to a halt or standstill, the truck ground to a halt
- el camión se detuvo con gran chirrido de frenos
- the negotiations have ground to a halt
- las negociaciones se han estancado
- the negotiations have ground to a halt
- las negociaciones han llegado a un punto muerto
2. grind (study hard):
- grind 俗
- estudiar mucho
- grind 俗
- darle duro al estudio esp LatAm
- grind 俗
- empollar 西班牙 俗
- grind 俗
- tragar RíoPl 俗
- grind 俗
- matearse Chil 俗
III. grind [美 ɡraɪnd, 英 ɡrʌɪnd] 名词
1. grind (drudgery) 俗:
- grind 无复数
- trabajo m pesado
- grind 无复数
- rollo m 俗
- grind 无复数
- paliza f 俗
- back to the daily grind!
- ¡de vuelta al yugo!
2. grind 美 俗 (over-conscientious worker):
- she's the office grind
- es la niña aplicada de la oficina 讽
3. grind Irish (private classes):
- grind
- clases fpl particulares
I. state [美 steɪt, 英 steɪt] 名词
1.1. state C (condition):
- state
- estado m
- liquid/solid state
- estado líquido/sólido
- state of siege/war
- estado de sitio/guerra
- state of emergency
- estado de emergencia
- state of readiness
- estado de alerta
- State of the Union message 美
- mensaje m presidencial sobre el estado de la Nación
- State of the Union message 美
- informe m presidencial sobre el estado de la Nación
- it's in a poor state of repair
- está en bastante mal estado
- state of health
- estado m de salud
- state of health
- salud f
- state of mind
- estado de ánimo
- I was in no (fit) state to make a decision
- no estaba en condiciones de tomar una decisión
- what a (dreadful) state of affairs!
- ¡qué situación tan lamentable!
- the state of play 英
- la situación
- the state of play 英
- el estado de cosas
1.2. state C (poor condition) 俗:
- just look at the state of your fingernails!
- ¡mira cómo tienes esas uñas!
- my bedroom's in a state
- tengo el dormitorio hecho un caos
- my bedroom's in a state
- tengo el dormitorio patas (para) arriba 俗
- she always leaves the kitchen in a state
- siempre deja la cocina hecha un asco 俗
1.3. state C (anxious condition) 俗:
- to be in/get (oneself) into a state about sth
- estar/ponerse nervioso por algo
- don't get yourself into such a state!
- ¡no te pongas así!
2.1. state C (division of country):
- state
- estado m
- the State of Texas
- el estado de Tejas
- the States
- los Estados Unidos
- the States attr law/taxes/police (in US)
- del estado
- the States attr law/taxes/police (in US)
- estatal
- state highway 美
- autopista f del estado
- state prison 美
- prisión f estatal
- State Representative 美 政治
- Representante mf del Estado
2.2. state C (nation):
- state
- estado m
- independent state
- estado independiente
- attr state apartments
- aposentos donde se recibe a monarcas o altos funcionarios
- state banquet
- banquete m de gala
3. state U or C (government):
- state
- estado m
- affairs of state
- asuntos mpl de estado
- Church and State
- la Iglesia y el Estado
- Church and State attr esp 英
- estatal
- state education
- enseñanza f pública
- the state sector
- el sector estatal or público
- state security
- seguridad f nacional
4. state U (pomp):
- to lie in state
- yacer en capilla ardiente
- to dine in state
- cenar con mucha ceremonia
- attr state occasion
- ocasión f solemne
II. state [美 steɪt, 英 steɪt] 动词 trans
- state
- exponer
- state
- plantear
- state
- exponer
- state (in writing)
- escribir
- state (in writing)
- consignar 书
- state (orally)
- decir
- state law/document:
- establecer
- state law/document:
- estipular
- I'm merely stating the facts
- simplemente estoy exponiendo los hechos
- you have half an hour to state your case
- tiene media hora para exponer su caso
- he stated that he had seen her there earlier
- afirmó haberla visto antes allí
- to state one's views
- dar su (or mi etc.) opinión
- to state one's views
- exponer su (or mi etc.) punto de vista
- he clearly stated that he would not stand for election
- dijo or manifestó claramente que no se presentaría a las elecciones
- the contract states that …
- el contrato establece or estipula que …
- as stated in the minutes
- como figura or consta en las actas
- as stated above
- como se indica más arriba
I. ground1 [graʊnd] 名词
1. ground 无复数 (the Earth's surface):
- ground
- tierra f
- above/below ground
- sobre el nivel del suelo/bajo tierra
2. ground 无复数 (soil):
- ground
- suelo m
3. ground (area of land):
- ground
- terreno m
- breeding ground
- zona f de cría
- fishing grounds
- pesquería f
- waste ground
- tierra f baldía
4. ground 体育:
- ground
- campo m
5. ground 无复数 (bottom of the sea):
- ground
- fondo m del mar
- to touch ground ship
- varar
6. ground 无复数 (area of knowledge):
- ground
- tema m
- to be on one's own ground
- estar en su elemento
- to give ground
- ceder terreno
- to stand one's ground
- mantenerse firme
7. ground (reason):
- ground
- motivo m
- to have grounds to do sth
- tener motivos para hacer algo
- on the grounds that ...
- porque...
II. ground1 [graʊnd] 动词 trans
1. ground 航空:
- ground
- no dejar despegar
- to be grounded
- no poder despegar
2. ground (unable to move):
- to be grounded
- estar encallado, -a
3. ground 美, 澳 引 俗:
- ground
- no dejar salir
I. ground2 [graʊnd] 动词 trans
ground pt von grind
II. ground2 [graʊnd] 形 (cristal)
- ground
- deslustrado, -a
III. ground2 [graʊnd] 名词 pl
- ground
- sedimentos m 复数
- coffee grounds
- poso m de café
I. grind [graɪnd] ground, ground 名词 俗
1. grind (tiring work):
- grind
- trabajo m pesado
- to be a real grind
- ser un trabajo durísimo
2. grind (boring work):
- grind
- rutina f
- the daily grind
- la rutina diaria
II. grind [graɪnd] ground, ground 动词 trans
1. grind:
- grind (crush)
- aplastar
- grind (mill)
- moler
- to grind sth (in)to flour/a powder
- reducir algo a harina/polvo
2. grind 美, 澳 (chop finely):
- grind meat
- picar
3. grind (press firmly and twist):
- to grind a cigarette into an ashtray
- apagar un cigarrillo en un cenicero
4. grind (sharpen):
- grind
- afilar
I. grind [graɪnd] ground, ground 名词 俗
1. grind (tiring work):
- grind
- trabajo m pesado
- to be a real grind
- ser un trabajo durísimo
2. grind (boring work):
- grind
- rutina f
- the daily grind
- la rutina diaria
II. grind [graɪnd] ground, ground 动词 trans
1. grind:
- grind (crush)
- aplastar
- grind (mill)
- moler
- to grind sth (in)to flour/a powder
- reducir algo a harina/polvo
2. grind 美, 澳 (chop finely):
- grind meat
- picar
3. grind (press firmly and twist):
- to grind a cigarette into an ashtray
- apagar un cigarrillo en un cenicero
4. grind (sharpen):
- grind
- afilar
I. state [steɪt] 名词
1. state (condition):
- state
- estado m
- state of siege/war
- estado de sitio/guerra
- solid/liquid state
- estado sólido/líquido
- state of mind
- estado de ánimo
- to be in a state 俗
- estar nervioso
2. state (nation):
- state
- estado m
3. state pl 俗 (USA):
- the States
- los Estados Unidos
4. state (pomp):
- to lie in state
- yacer en la capilla ardiente
II. state [steɪt] 形 (pertaining to a nation)
- state
- estatal
- state secret
- secreto m de Estado
III. state [steɪt] 动词 trans
1. state (express):
- state
- declarar
2. state (specify, fix):
- state
- exponer
I. grind [graɪnd] 名词 俗
1. grind (tiring work):
- grind
- trabajo m pesado
- to be a real grind
- ser un trabajo durísimo
2. grind (boring work):
- grind
- rutina f
- the daily grind
- la rutina diaria
II. grind <ground, ground> [graɪnd] 动词 trans
1. grind:
- grind (crush)
- aplastar
- grind (mill)
- moler
- to grind sth (in)to flour/a powder
- reducir algo a harina/polvo
2. grind (chop finely):
- grind meat
- picar
3. grind (press firmly and twist):
- to grind a cigarette into an ashtray
- apagar un cigarrillo en un cenicero
4. grind (sharpen):
- grind
- afilar
III. grind [graɪnd] 动词 不及物动词
1. grind (pulverize):
- grind
- pulverizar
2. grind 俗 (devote oneself):
- grind
- emplearse a fondo
- to grind away at sth
- emplearse a fondo en algo
3. grind 俗 (dance seductively):
- grind
- bailar meneando la cadera
- to bump and grind
- bailar meneando la cadera de forma seductiva
4. grind (in skateboarding):
- grind
- girar
I. ground1 [graʊnd] 名词
1. ground (the Earth's surface):
- ground
- tierra f
- above/below ground
- sobre el nivel del suelo/bajo tierra
2. ground (soil):
- ground
- suelo m
3. ground (area of land):
- ground
- terreno m
- breeding ground
- zona f de cría
- fishing grounds
- pesquería f
- waste ground
- tierra f baldía
4. ground (reason):
- ground
- motivo m
- to have grounds to do sth
- tener motivos para hacer algo
- on the grounds that...
- porque...
5. ground (area of knowledge):
- ground
- tema m
- to be on one's own ground
- estar en su propio terreno
- to give ground
- ceder terreno
- to stand one's ground
- mantenerse firme
II. ground1 [graʊnd] 动词 trans
1. ground 航空:
- ground
- no dejar despegar
- to be grounded
- no poder despegar
2. ground (unable to move):
- to be grounded
- estar encallado, -a
3. ground 引 俗:
- ground
- no dejar salir
I. ground2 [graʊnd] 动词 trans
ground pt von grind
II. ground2 [graʊnd] 形 (crystal)
- ground
- deslustrado, -a
III. ground2 [graʊnd] 名词
- grounds
- sedimentos m 复数
- coffee grounds
- poso m de café
I. grind [graɪnd] 名词 俗
1. grind (tiring work):
- grind
- trabajo m pesado
- to be a real grind
- ser un trabajo durísimo
2. grind (boring work):
- grind
- rutina f
- the daily grind
- la rutina diaria
II. grind <ground, ground> [graɪnd] 动词 trans
1. grind:
- grind (crush)
- aplastar
- grind (mill)
- moler
- to grind sth (in)to flour/a powder
- reducir algo a harina/polvo
2. grind (chop finely):
- grind meat
- picar
3. grind (press firmly and twist):
- to grind a cigarette into an ashtray
- apagar un cigarrillo en un cenicero
4. grind (sharpen):
- grind
- afilar
III. grind [graɪnd] 动词 不及物动词
1. grind (pulverize):
- grind
- pulverizar
2. grind 俗 (devote oneself):
- grind
- emplearse a fondo
- to grind away at sth
- emplearse a fondo en algo
3. grind 俗 (dance seductively):
- grind
- bailar meneando la cadera
- to bump and grind
- bailar meneando la cadera de forma seductiva
4. grind (in skateboarding):
- grind
- girar
I. state [steɪt] 名词
1. state (condition):
- state
- estado m
- state of siege/war
- estado de sitio/guerra
- solid/liquid state
- estado sólido/líquido
- state of mind
- estado de ánimo
2. state (nation):
- state
- estado m
3. state pl 俗 (USA):
- the States
- los Estados Unidos
4. state (pomp):
- to lie in state
- yacer en la capilla ardiente
II. state [steɪt] 形 (pertaining to a nation)
- state
- estatal
- state secret
- secreto m de Estado
III. state [steɪt] 动词 trans
1. state (express):
- state
- declarar
2. state 法律 (specify):
- state
- exponer
| I | ground |
|---|---|
| you | ground |
| he/she/it | grounds |
| we | ground |
| you | ground |
| they | ground |
| I | grounded |
|---|---|
| you | grounded |
| he/she/it | grounded |
| we | grounded |
| you | grounded |
| they | grounded |
| I | have | grounded |
|---|---|---|
| you | have | grounded |
| he/she/it | has | grounded |
| we | have | grounded |
| you | have | grounded |
| they | have | grounded |
| I | had | grounded |
|---|---|---|
| you | had | grounded |
| he/she/it | had | grounded |
| we | had | grounded |
| you | had | grounded |
| they | had | grounded |
单语范例（未经PONS编辑处理）
The resulting energy difference between the new ground state and the first excited state is similar to that of silver and roentgenium is expected to be silvery in appearance.
en.wikipedia.org This usually occurs because of the formation of an intermediate excited state with a spin far different from that of the ground state.
en.wikipedia.org Many systems, such as a perfect crystal lattice, have a unique ground state and therefore have zero entropy at absolute zero.
en.wikipedia.org At this point, the enone forms an exciplex with the ground state alkene, eventually giving the triplet diradical.
en.wikipedia.org But in cases where, for some reason the determination of ground state is hard, one uses the replica method.
en.wikipedia.org