A fixed retainer typically consists of a passive wire "bonded" to the tongue-side of the (usually, depending on the patient's bite, only lower) incisors.
However, many of the internal transportation improvements were destroyed during that conflict, although bonded debt remained to be paid, even as additional progress had ended.
By the late 1950s, oilcloth became a synonym for vinyl (polyvinyl chloride) bonded to either a flanneled cloth or a printed vinyl with a synthetic non-woven backing.
