Such books contain astrological correspondences, lists of angels and demons, directions on casting charms and spells, on mixing medicines, summoning unearthly entities, and making talismans.
These entities became critical to the credit markets underpinning the financial system, but were not subject to the same regulatory controls as depository banks.
These departments are generally organized as local or county government subsidiaries, special-purpose district entities or not-for-profit corporations.