The methods of music history include source studies (esp. manuscript studies), paleography, philology (especially textual criticism), style criticism, historiography (the choice of historical method), musical analysis, and iconography.
His historiography offers penetratingoften pessimisticinsights into the psychology of power politics, blending straightforward descriptions of events, moral lessons, and tightly focused dramatic accounts.
From a qualitative orientation, leadership research has included a host of research techniques: phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, interviews, case studies, historiography, etc.