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- variational calculus
单语范例（未经PONS编辑处理）
In particular there are no generalized eigenfunctions for non-zero eigenvalues and there is a variational principle similar to the minimax principle for determining the non-zero eigenvalues.
en.wikipedia.org In a broader sense variational properties include phenotypic plasticity.
en.wikipedia.org However, the variational theorem assures us that any guess as to the electronic state function of a system will overestimate the ground state energy.
en.wikipedia.org Since then the study of complementarity problems and variational inequalities has expanded enormously.
en.wikipedia.org He found the optimal order of approximation for some methods of solution of variational inequalities.
en.wikipedia.org