The behaviours in an ethogram are usually defined to be mutually exclusive and objective, avoiding subjectivity and functional inference as to their possible purpose.
Their beginning for studying the behaviour of a new species was to construct an ethogram (a description of the main types of behaviour with their frequencies of occurrence).
For their study, they used an ethogram -- a catalogue of observed behaviours -- based around equine facial expressions which they had described in a previous paper.
In that study, the ethogram was tested by 13 individuals, from horse-owning amateurs to veterinarians, with their level of agreement being assessed at 87 percent.
Even this highly subjective behavioural analysis is undermined by the omission of an ethogram providing definitions of the recorded behaviours - also standard practice in animal behaviour research.
The ethogram was tested in the study by 13 individuals, from horse-owning amateurs to veterinarians, with their level of agreement being assessed at 87 percent.